Constructed by the French in 1896 as part of their broader strategy to subjugate Vietnam under colonial rule, Hỏa Lò Prison was built to break the will of Vietnamese revolutionaries and political dissidents. Intended to hold 450 inmates, it regularly crammed in over 2000, locking men and women into rotting, airless cells that stank of urine, sweat and blood. It became a crucible of suffering, where countless resistance leaders endured torture, starvation and isolation.