The Ho Chi Minh Museum in Hanoi is more than a museum, it is a shrine to revolution, memory and sacrifice, standing as one of Vietnam’s most important monuments. It honours the man known as “Uncle Ho” while also serving as a vast archive of the struggles that shaped modern Vietnam, a place where personal biography and national trauma merge into a single, powerful narrative.

Constructed by the French in 1896 as part of their broader strategy to subjugate Vietnam under colonial rule, Hỏa Lò Prison was built to break the will of Vietnamese revolutionaries and political dissidents. Intended to hold 450 inmates, it regularly crammed in over 2000, locking men and women into rotting, airless cells that stank of urine, sweat and blood. It became a crucible of suffering, where countless resistance leaders endured torture, starvation and isolation.