Known as the “Mountain of Fire,” Mount Merapi is one of Earth’s most active and violent volcanoes, a force of nature and a living presence in local belief. Javanese cosmology holds that invisible spirits inhabit the mountain, forming a hierarchy that mirrors human society in all its cruelty and corruption, shaping Merapi’s restless, volatile activity as if the mountain itself reflects the darker impulses of humanity.

Built in the 9th century by Javanese Queen Pramodhawardhani, Plaosan Lor stands as both a sanctuary of profound Buddhist devotion and a monument to her formidable political vision. She forged her own legacy in stone, uniting rival dynasties, asserting her sovereignty and leaving behind a magnificent twin temple complex steeped in layers of history, spiritual depth, ceremonial significance and the immortal imprint of her legacy.

Tucked behind the imposing facade of Kongōbu-ji Temple, the head temple of Koyasan’s esoteric Shingon Buddhism, lies Japan’s largest Zen rock garden, Banryūtei, or “The Garden of the Reclining Dragon.” Far from your average gravel swirls, Banryūtei is a deliberate masterpiece spanning over 2300 square metres. It was established in 1984, some 1150 years after the death of Grand Master Kobo Daishi, as a place of calm contemplation.